Reflective Learning References

Just a couple of quick references behind one of the learning approaches we like to use, the concept of reflection. Hopefully, it stimulates higher level learning. We want learners to consider the content, ideas, approaches, and processes and relate it to what they already know, possibly, how they presently do things on the job. Ideally, They'll consider what they would change when they return to their offices i.e, change their behaviors. This after all is the point of teaching and training.

Sometimes it's as simple as asking learners how they currently do things and then showing more efficient improvements and asking for the implications it has for their work. At the other end, we might allow time for learners to begin an action plan that might help them "hit the ground" running back on the job.

So here are a few citings behind this method, before I forget: Morgan and Saxon, 1991; Van Ments, 1990 concluded that the act of reflection could develop deeper meaning from what originally seemed more superficial learning. They found that this approach requires careful questioning that stimulates learners to relate to what they already know. Mezirow, 1990 stated how important reflection is to "transformative learning."

An interesting Aspect

In her book, Reflection in Learning & Professional Development, Theory and Practice, Jennifer A. Moon discusses the compulsion of teachers, particularly in higher education, to supply more "packaged" material as references and resources, and even computer programs. The teachers in effect "tidy up" the learning. This can reduce reflection and negatively affect learning. The book references many studies including those above.

Van Ments, M. (1989), The Effective Use of Role Play,
Morgan, N and Saxon S (1991) Teaching Questioning and Learning (London: Routledge)

Improving learning through reflection, Karen Hinett